WP_Ajax_Response WordPress Class

The WP_Ajax_Response class is used to send AJAX responses back to the client. It handles both success and error responses, and can be used to return data, messages, or both.

WP_Ajax_Response #

Send XML response back to Ajax request.

Contents

More Information
Role of WP_Ajax_Response
Methods and Properties
- Properties
Usage
Response Format
Source
Methods
Changelog

More Information

Role of WP_Ajax_Response

WP_Ajax_Response is WordPress’ class for generating XML-formatted responses to Ajax requests. This is most commonly used to generate responses to custom AJAX actions when using the wp_ajax_ action hook.

Methods and Properties

NOTE: Refer source code for the complete methods and properties.

Properties

$responses(): An array that stores the XML responses to be sent.

Usage

To use WP_Ajax_Response, you need to instantiate the class with an array of options, then call the instances send() method to output the response.

The options array takes the following key=>value pairs:

‘what’: A string containing the XMLRPC response type (used as the name of the xml element).
‘action’: A boolean or string that will behave like a nonce. This is added to the response element’s action attribute.
‘id’: This is either an integer (usually 1) or a WP_Error object (if you need to return an error). Most commonly, the id value is used as a boolean, where 1 is a success and 0 is a failure.
‘old_id’: This is false by default, but you can alternatively provide an integer for the previous id, if needed.
‘position’: This is an integer or a string where -1 = top, 1 = bottom, ‘html ID’ = after, ‘-html ID’ = before
‘data’: A string containing output content or a message (such as html). This is disregarded if you pass a WP_Error object as the id.
‘supplemental’: This can an associative array of strings, which will be rendered into children of the <supplemental> element. Keys become element names, and values are embedded in CDATA within those elements. Useful for passing additional information to the browser.

Response Format

Responses are made in the XML-RPC format and may be handled by JavaScript.

A typical WordPress autosave response looks like this:

<?xml version='1.0' standalone='yes'?>
<wp_ajax>
   <response action='autosave_1'>
      <autosave id='1' position='1'>
         <response_data>
            <![CDATA[Draft saved at 9:31:55 pm.]]>
         </response_data>
         <supplemental></supplemental>
      </autosave>
   </response>
</wp_ajax>

Let’s break this example down to see what it means:

<wp_ajax>: This the root element of every response. All responses made by the WP_Ajax_Response class are wrapped in the <wp_ajax> element.

<response>: Immediately within the wp_ajax element is <response>, which contains the attributes ‘action’ and ‘position’. These attributes correspond to the ‘action’ and ‘position’ key=>value pairs defined in the options array.

<autosave> (arbitrary): Next, the above example shows an <autosave> element – this element matches the value of the ‘what’ key=>value pair in the options array. In your own use, this element can be named whatever you like, provided it is a valid XML element name.

<response_data> / <wp_error_data>: Within the custom response element (e.g. <autosave>), there will either be a <response_data> element (with CDATA tag) or a <wp_error_data> element. If you pass a WP_Error object to WP_Ajax_Response as the ‘id’ in your options array, the <wp_error_data> element is automatically generated. Otherwise, the <response_data> element is used with whatever value you passed to WP_Ajax_Response with your option array’s “data” value.

For the most part, any content you want to pass back to the browser (such as HTML), can be passed in your option array’s “data” key=>value pair.

<supplemental>: Finally, the <supplemental> element will contain whatever arbitrary structure you decide to pass along with your option array’s “supplemental” key=>value pair.

Source

File: wp-includes/class-wp-ajax-response.php

class WP_Ajax_Response {
	/**
	 * Store XML responses to send.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 * @var array
	 */
	public $responses = array();

	/**
	 * Constructor - Passes args to WP_Ajax_Response::add().
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 *
	 * @see WP_Ajax_Response::add()
	 *
	 * @param string|array $args Optional. Will be passed to add() method.
	 */
	public function __construct( $args = '' ) {
		if ( ! empty( $args ) ) {
			$this->add( $args );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Appends data to an XML response based on given arguments.
	 *
	 * With `$args` defaults, extra data output would be:
	 *
	 *     <response action='{$action}_$id'>
	 *      <$what id='$id' position='$position'>
	 *          <response_data><![CDATA[$data]]></response_data>
	 *      </$what>
	 *     </response>
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 *
	 * @param string|array $args {
	 *     Optional. An array or string of XML response arguments.
	 *
	 *     @type string          $what         XML-RPC response type. Used as a child element of `<response>`.
	 *                                         Default 'object' (`<object>`).
	 *     @type string|false    $action       Value to use for the `action` attribute in `<response>`. Will be
	 *                                         appended with `_$id` on output. If false, `$action` will default to
	 *                                         the value of `$_POST['action']`. Default false.
	 *     @type int|WP_Error    $id           The response ID, used as the response type `id` attribute. Also
	 *                                         accepts a `WP_Error` object if the ID does not exist. Default 0.
	 *     @type int|false       $old_id       The previous response ID. Used as the value for the response type
	 *                                         `old_id` attribute. False hides the attribute. Default false.
	 *     @type string          $position     Value of the response type `position` attribute. Accepts 1 (bottom),
	 *                                         -1 (top), HTML ID (after), or -HTML ID (before). Default 1 (bottom).
	 *     @type string|WP_Error $data         The response content/message. Also accepts a WP_Error object if the
	 *                                         ID does not exist. Default empty.
	 *     @type array           $supplemental An array of extra strings that will be output within a `<supplemental>`
	 *                                         element as CDATA. Default empty array.
	 * }
	 * @return string XML response.
	 */
	public function add( $args = '' ) {
		$defaults = array(
			'what'         => 'object',
			'action'       => false,
			'id'           => '0',
			'old_id'       => false,
			'position'     => 1,
			'data'         => '',
			'supplemental' => array(),
		);

		$parsed_args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );

		$position = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9:_-]/i', '', $parsed_args['position'] );
		$id       = $parsed_args['id'];
		$what     = $parsed_args['what'];
		$action   = $parsed_args['action'];
		$old_id   = $parsed_args['old_id'];
		$data     = $parsed_args['data'];

		if ( is_wp_error( $id ) ) {
			$data = $id;
			$id   = 0;
		}

		$response = '';
		if ( is_wp_error( $data ) ) {
			foreach ( (array) $data->get_error_codes() as $code ) {
				$response  .= "<wp_error code='$code'><![CDATA[" . $data->get_error_message( $code ) . ']]></wp_error>';
				$error_data = $data->get_error_data( $code );
				if ( ! $error_data ) {
					continue;
				}
				$class = '';
				if ( is_object( $error_data ) ) {
					$class      = ' class="' . get_class( $error_data ) . '"';
					$error_data = get_object_vars( $error_data );
				}

				$response .= "<wp_error_data code='$code'$class>";

				if ( is_scalar( $error_data ) ) {
					$response .= "<![CDATA[$error_data]]>";
				} elseif ( is_array( $error_data ) ) {
					foreach ( $error_data as $k => $v ) {
						$response .= "<$k><![CDATA[$v]]></$k>";
					}
				}

				$response .= '</wp_error_data>';
			}
		} else {
			$response = "<response_data><![CDATA[$data]]></response_data>";
		}

		$s = '';
		if ( is_array( $parsed_args['supplemental'] ) ) {
			foreach ( $parsed_args['supplemental'] as $k => $v ) {
				$s .= "<$k><![CDATA[$v]]></$k>";
			}
			$s = "<supplemental>$s</supplemental>";
		}

		if ( false === $action ) {
			$action = $_POST['action'];
		}
		$x  = '';
		$x .= "<response action='{$action}_$id'>"; // The action attribute in the xml output is formatted like a nonce action.
		$x .= "<$what id='$id' " . ( false === $old_id ? '' : "old_id='$old_id' " ) . "position='$position'>";
		$x .= $response;
		$x .= $s;
		$x .= "</$what>";
		$x .= '</response>';

		$this->responses[] = $x;
		return $x;
	}

	/**
	 * Display XML formatted responses.
	 *
	 * Sets the content type header to text/xml.
	 *
	 * @since 2.1.0
	 */
	public function send() {
		header( 'Content-Type: text/xml; charset=' . get_option( 'blog_charset' ) );
		echo "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='" . get_option( 'blog_charset' ) . "' standalone='yes'?><wp_ajax>";
		foreach ( (array) $this->responses as $response ) {
			echo $response;
		}
		echo '</wp_ajax>';
		if ( wp_doing_ajax() ) {
			wp_die();
		} else {
			die();
		}
	}
}

Expand full source code Collapse full source codeView on TracView on GitHub

Methods

__construct— Constructor - Passes args to WP_Ajax_Response::add().
add— Appends data to an XML response based on given arguments.
send— Display XML formatted responses.

Changelog

Changelog
Version	Description
2.1.0	Introduced.

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