Walker_Nav_Menu::start_el() WordPress Method

The Walker_Nav_Menu::start_el() method is used to add the opening markup for each menu item in a WordPress nav menu. This method is called by the Walker class when it is walking through each menu item in the nav menu.

Walker_Nav_Menu::start_el( string $output, WP_Post $data_object, int $depth, stdClass $args = null, int $current_object_id ) #

Starts the element output.


Description

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See also


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Parameters

$output

(string)(Required)Used to append additional content (passed by reference).

$data_object

(WP_Post)(Required)Menu item data object.

$depth

(int)(Required)Depth of menu item. Used for padding.

$args

(stdClass)(Optional)An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.

Default value: null

$current_object_id

(int)(Optional) ID of the current menu item. Default 0.


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Source

File: wp-includes/class-walker-nav-menu.php

	public function start_el( &$output, $data_object, $depth = 0, $args = null, $current_object_id = 0 ) {
		// Restores the more descriptive, specific name for use within this method.
		$menu_item = $data_object;

		if ( isset( $args->item_spacing ) && 'discard' === $args->item_spacing ) {
			$t = '';
			$n = '';
		} else {
			$t = "\t";
			$n = "\n";
		}
		$indent = ( $depth ) ? str_repeat( $t, $depth ) : '';

		$classes   = empty( $menu_item->classes ) ? array() : (array) $menu_item->classes;
		$classes[] = 'menu-item-' . $menu_item->ID;

		/**
		 * Filters the arguments for a single nav menu item.
		 *
		 * @since 4.4.0
		 *
		 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
		 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item Menu item data object.
		 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
		 */
		$args = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_args', $args, $menu_item, $depth );

		/**
		 * Filters the CSS classes applied to a menu item's list item element.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.1.0 The `$depth` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string[] $classes   Array of the CSS classes that are applied to the menu item's `<li>` element.
		 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
		 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
		 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
		 */
		$class_names = implode( ' ', apply_filters( 'nav_menu_css_class', array_filter( $classes ), $menu_item, $args, $depth ) );
		$class_names = $class_names ? ' class="' . esc_attr( $class_names ) . '"' : '';

		/**
		 * Filters the ID applied to a menu item's list item element.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.1
		 * @since 4.1.0 The `$depth` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string   $menu_id   The ID that is applied to the menu item's `<li>` element.
		 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item.
		 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
		 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
		 */
		$id = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_id', 'menu-item-' . $menu_item->ID, $menu_item, $args, $depth );
		$id = $id ? ' id="' . esc_attr( $id ) . '"' : '';

		$output .= $indent . '<li' . $id . $class_names . '>';

		$atts           = array();
		$atts['title']  = ! empty( $menu_item->attr_title ) ? $menu_item->attr_title : '';
		$atts['target'] = ! empty( $menu_item->target ) ? $menu_item->target : '';
		if ( '_blank' === $menu_item->target && empty( $menu_item->xfn ) ) {
			$atts['rel'] = 'noopener';
		} else {
			$atts['rel'] = $menu_item->xfn;
		}
		$atts['href']         = ! empty( $menu_item->url ) ? $menu_item->url : '';
		$atts['aria-current'] = $menu_item->current ? 'page' : '';

		/**
		 * Filters the HTML attributes applied to a menu item's anchor element.
		 *
		 * @since 3.6.0
		 * @since 4.1.0 The `$depth` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param array $atts {
		 *     The HTML attributes applied to the menu item's `<a>` element, empty strings are ignored.
		 *
		 *     @type string $title        Title attribute.
		 *     @type string $target       Target attribute.
		 *     @type string $rel          The rel attribute.
		 *     @type string $href         The href attribute.
		 *     @type string $aria-current The aria-current attribute.
		 * }
		 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
		 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
		 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
		 */
		$atts = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_link_attributes', $atts, $menu_item, $args, $depth );

		$attributes = '';
		foreach ( $atts as $attr => $value ) {
			if ( is_scalar( $value ) && '' !== $value && false !== $value ) {
				$value       = ( 'href' === $attr ) ? esc_url( $value ) : esc_attr( $value );
				$attributes .= ' ' . $attr . '="' . $value . '"';
			}
		}

		/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post-template.php */
		$title = apply_filters( 'the_title', $menu_item->title, $menu_item->ID );

		/**
		 * Filters a menu item's title.
		 *
		 * @since 4.4.0
		 *
		 * @param string   $title     The menu item's title.
		 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
		 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
		 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
		 */
		$title = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_title', $title, $menu_item, $args, $depth );

		$item_output  = $args->before;
		$item_output .= '<a' . $attributes . '>';
		$item_output .= $args->link_before . $title . $args->link_after;
		$item_output .= '</a>';
		$item_output .= $args->after;

		/**
		 * Filters a menu item's starting output.
		 *
		 * The menu item's starting output only includes `$args->before`, the opening `<a>`,
		 * the menu item's title, the closing `</a>`, and `$args->after`. Currently, there is
		 * no filter for modifying the opening and closing `<li>` for a menu item.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 *
		 * @param string   $item_output The menu item's starting HTML output.
		 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item   Menu item data object.
		 * @param int      $depth       Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
		 * @param stdClass $args        An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
		 */
		$output .= apply_filters( 'walker_nav_menu_start_el', $item_output, $menu_item, $depth, $args );
	}


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Changelog

Changelog
VersionDescription
5.9.0Renamed $item to $data_object and $id to $current_object_id to match parent class for PHP 8 named parameter support.
4.4.0The 'nav_menu_item_args' filter was added.
3.0.0Introduced.

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