wppaste
WordPress

wp_set_post_terms( int $post_id = 0, string|array $terms = '', string $taxonomy = 'post_tag', bool $append = false ): array|false|WP_Error

Since
2.8.0
Source
wp-includes/post.php:5713
Sets the terms for a post.

Compatibility

WordPress
since 2.8.0
PHP
7.4–8.6-dev
  • 6.7.7
  • 6.8.8
  • 6.9.7
  • 7.0.4
  • 7.1.0

Present in every tracked release (6.7.7 to 7.1.0), and compiles on PHP 7.4 through 8.6-dev.

Parameters

$post_idintoptional
The Post ID. Does not default to the ID of the global $post.Default: 0
$termsstring|arrayoptional
An array of terms to set for the post, or a string of terms separated by commas. Hierarchical taxonomies must always pass IDs rather than names so that children with the same names but different parents aren't confused. Default empty.Default: ''
$taxonomystringoptional
Taxonomy name. Default 'post_tag'.Default: 'post_tag'
$appendbooloptional
If true, don't delete existing terms, just add on. If false, replace the terms with the new terms. Default false.Default: false

Return value

array|false|WP_Error
Array of term taxonomy IDs of affected terms. WP_Error or false on failure.

Performance profile

How much work a call to wp_set_post_terms() does, and what it touches: the algorithmic scaling, the Zend instruction count per call across PHP versions, the hooks it hands control to, and the core code that calls it. Measured from the compiled opcodes, not a stopwatch, so every number is identical on any machine running the same PHP version, and every function in core is ranked by cost.

Cost class
Heavy

Reaches the database via wp_get_object_terms().

Scaling
Constant

No loop in the body: the same number of instructions runs whatever you pass in.

Instructions
8–47

Executed per call on PHP 8.5, depending on the branch taken. The body compiles to 48.

Plugin surface
None

Nothing here hands control to plugin code.

Called by
6

6 places in core call this, so the cost is paid more often than your own code shows.

What it touches

  • querycontent querywp_get_object_terms()one call below wp_set_post_terms()
  • hookthird-party callbacksdo_action()one call below wp_set_post_terms()
  • cacheobject cachewp_cache_delete()one call below wp_set_post_terms()

Further down the call graph this can also reach option, serialize and transient. Those are the worst case, several calls deep and usually down an error path, not what a normal call pays.

What one call costs · 5 distinct outcomes

One number would be a lie: the work depends on which branch runs. These are every distinct cost wp_set_post_terms() can have, taken from its control-flow graph on PHP 8.5.

WhenInstructionsCalls it makes
always8none
is_array($terms) && !is_taxonomy_hierarchical()22–23is_taxonomy_hierarchical(), wp_set_object_terms()
is_array($terms) && is_taxonomy_hierarchical()30–31is_taxonomy_hierarchical(), array_map(), array_unique(), wp_set_object_terms()
!is_array($terms) && !is_taxonomy_hierarchical()35–39_x(), explode(), is_taxonomy_hierarchical(), wp_set_object_terms()
!is_array($terms) && is_taxonomy_hierarchical()43–47_x(), explode(), is_taxonomy_hierarchical(), array_map(), array_unique(), wp_set_object_terms()

Across PHP versions

PHPCompiledExecutedBranchesNotes
8.6-dev488–475
8.5488–475
8.4488–4756 fewer instructions than PHP 8.3
8.3548–535
8.2548–535
8.1548–535
7.4548–535

An instruction is not a fixed amount of time, so a matching count is not necessarily the same speed; what it rules out is a difference in the work itself.

Uses · 3

Used by · 6

Source code

function wp_set_post_terms( $post_id = 0, $terms = '', $taxonomy = 'post_tag', $append = false ) {	$post_id = (int) $post_id; 	if ( ! $post_id ) {		return false;	} 	if ( empty( $terms ) ) {		$terms = array();	} 	if ( ! is_array( $terms ) ) {		$comma = _x( ',', 'tag delimiter' );		if ( ',' !== $comma ) {			$terms = str_replace( $comma, ',', $terms );		}		$terms = explode( ',', trim( $terms, " \n\t\r\0\x0B," ) );	} 	/*	 * Hierarchical taxonomies must always pass IDs rather than names so that	 * children with the same names but different parents aren't confused.	 */	if ( is_taxonomy_hierarchical( $taxonomy ) ) {		$terms = array_unique( array_map( 'intval', $terms ) );	} 	return wp_set_object_terms( $post_id, $terms, $taxonomy, $append );}

Changelog

Introduced in 2.8.0. Unchanged from 6.7.7 through 7.1.0.

  1. 6.7.7
  2. 6.8.8
  3. 6.9.7
  4. 7.0.4
  5. 7.1.0

Signature, return type and hooks compared across 5 parsed releases.

About this page

Parsed data
Generated from the wordpress-develop 6.9.7 tag, from src/wp-includes/post.php, and regenerated for each WordPress release so it tracks the code rather than a snapshot of it.
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